高(gao)低溫試(shi)驗箱(xiang)原理是怎(zen)樣科寶(bao)帶你了解

1、高低溫試驗(yan)(yan)(yan)箱(xiang)制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)系統：制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)系統是綜合高低溫試驗(yan)(yan)(yan)箱(xiang)的重要部分(fen)之一。一般來說高低溫試驗(yan)(yan)(yan)箱(xiang)的制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)方式(shi)都(dou)是機(ji)械制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)以(yi)及輔助(zhu)液(ye)氮制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)， 機(ji)械制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)采(cai)用蒸汽壓縮式(shi)制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)，它們主要由(you)壓縮機(ji)，冷(leng)(leng)(leng)凝器，節流機(ji)構和(he)蒸發器組(zu)成，由(you)于我們試驗(yan)(yan)(yan)的溫度(du)低溫要達到 -55℃，單級制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)難以(yi)滿(man)足滿(man)足要求，因此(ci)試驗(yan)(yan)(yan)箱(xiang)的制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)方式(shi)一般采(cai)用復(fu)疊式(shi)制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)。

歐可儀器生(sheng)產的(de)(de)高(gao)低(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)試驗箱的(de)(de)制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)系(xi)統由兩(liang)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)組成(cheng)， 分(fen)別稱為高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)和低(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)， 每一部(bu)(bu)分(fen)是一個相(xiang)對獨(du)立的(de)(de)制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)系(xi)統。 高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)中制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)蒸發(fa)(fa)吸(xi)收來自低(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)的(de)(de)制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)熱(re)量而(er)汽(qi)化; 低(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)蒸發(fa)(fa)則從被冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻的(de)(de)對象 ( 試驗箱內(nei)的(de)(de)空氣 ) 吸(xi)熱(re)以獲取冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)量。高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)和低(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)之間是用(yong)一個蒸發(fa)(fa)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝器聯系(xi)起來，它既是高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)的(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝器，也是低(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)的(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝器。高(gao)低(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)試驗箱的(de)(de)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑(ji)(ji)采用(yong)中溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑(ji)(ji)， 低(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑(ji)(ji)是采用(yong)低(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑(ji)(ji)，箱內(nei)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度能達到 -70-150 ℃.

2、高低溫(wen)(wen)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)箱加(jia)熱(re)系(xi)統：高低溫(wen)(wen)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)箱的(de)(de)加(jia)熱(re)系(xi)統相(xiang)對制冷(leng)系(xi)統而言，是(shi)比較(jiao)簡單(dan)。它主要有(you)大功率電阻絲組成， 由于試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)箱要求的(de)(de)升溫(wen)(wen)速率較(jiao)大， 因此試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)箱的(de)(de)加(jia)熱(re)系(xi)統功率都比較(jiao)大，而且在試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)箱的(de)(de)底板(ban)也設有(you)加(jia)熱(re)器。

3、高(gao)低溫(wen)(wen)試驗(yan)(yan)箱控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系統(tong)(tong)：控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系統(tong)(tong)是(shi)綜合試驗(yan)(yan)箱的核(he)心，它決定了(le)高(gao)低溫(wen)(wen)試驗(yan)(yan)箱的升(sheng)溫(wen)(wen)速率，精度(du)等重要(yao)指標(biao)。 現在試驗(yan)(yan)箱的控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)大都采用(yong) PID 控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，也(ye)有少部(bu)分采用(yong) PID 與模糊控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)相組合的控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方式。 由于(yu)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系統(tong)(tong)基(ji)本上屬于(yu)軟件的范疇， 而且此部(bu)分在使(shi)用(yong)過程中，一(yi)般不會出現問(wen)題。

4、高(gao)低溫試(shi)驗(yan)箱傳(chuan)感(gan)器系(xi)統：高(gao)低溫試(shi)驗(yan)箱的(de)(de)傳(chuan)感(gan)器主要是溫度(du)(du)和濕度(du)(du)傳(chuan)感(gan)器。溫度(du)(du)傳(chuan)感(gan)器應用較多的(de)(de)是鉑電(dian)組和熱電(dian)偶。 濕度(du)(du)的(de)(de)測量方法(fa)有(you)兩種： 干濕球(qiu)(qiu)溫度(du)(du)計(ji)法(fa)和固態(tai)電(dian)子(zi)式傳(chuan)感(gan)器直接測量法(fa)。 由于干濕球(qiu)(qiu)法(fa)測量精度(du)(du)不高(gao)， 現在的(de)(de)試(shi)驗(yan)箱正逐步的(de)(de)以(yi)固態(tai)傳(chuan)感(gan)器代替干濕球(qiu)(qiu)來進行濕度(du)(du)的(de)(de)測量。

5、高(gao)低溫試驗箱(xiang)空(kong)氣循(xun)環(huan)系(xi)(xi)統：空(kong)氣循(xun)環(huan)系(xi)(xi)統一般有離心式風扇和驅動其運轉的電(dian)機(ji)構(gou)成